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Reproductive Health RSS FeedsBuilding Irish families through surrogacy: medical and judicial issues for the advanced reproductive technologies - Surrogacy involves one woman (surrogate mother) carrying a child for another person/s (commissioning person/couple), based on a mutual agreement requiring the child to be handed over to the commissioning person/couple following birth. Reasons for seeking surrogacy include situations where a woman has non-functional or absent reproductive organs, or as a remedy for recurrent pregnancy loss. Additionally, surrogacy may find application in any medical context where pregnancy is contraindicated, or where a couple consisting of two males seek to become parents through oocyte donation. Gestational surrogacy is one of the main issues at the forefront of bioethics and the advanced reproductive technologies, representing an important challenge to medical law. This analysis reviews the history of surrogacy and clinical and legal issues pertaining to this branch of reproductive medicine. Interestingly, the Medical Council of Ireland does not acknowledge surrogacy in its current practice guideline...Feed Source: www.reproductive-health-journal.com Age differences at sexual debut and subsequent reproductive health: Is there a link? - Background:
Experiences at sexual debut may be linked to reproductive health later in life. Additionally, young women with older sexual partners may be at greater risk for HIV and sexually transmitted infections. This study examines sexual debut with an older partner and subsequent reproductive health outcomes among 599 sexually experienced women aged 15?24 who utilized voluntary counseling and testing or reproductive health services in Port-au-Prince, Haiti.
Methods:
Logistic regression models, controlling for socioeconomic and demographic factors, examined whether age differences at first sex were significantly associated with STI diagnosis in the previous 12 months and family planning method use at last intercourse.
Results:
Sixty-five percent of women reported sexual initiation with a partner younger or less than 5 years older, 28% with a partner 5 to 10 years older, and 7% with a partner 10 or more years older. There was a trend towards decreased likelihood of recent use of family... Assessing the health and development of ART-conceived young adults: A study of feasibility, parent recall, and acceptability - Background:
Assisted reproductive technologies (ART) to treat infertility have been available for nearly three decades. There have been a number of systematic comparisons of the health and development of ART-conceived with spontaneously-conceived (SC) children. Data are equivocal, some finding no differences and others that there are more health and developmental problems in the ART group. It is agreed that perinatal mortality and morbidity are worse after assisted than spontaneous conception and the impact of the hormonally altered intrauterine environment on puberty and later fertility of offspring are unknown. To date however, there has been no investigation of the health and development of ART-conceived young adults, including from the world's few prospective cohorts of ART conceived children. Obtaining these data requires contact to be made with people at least twenty years after discharge from the treating service. Given the ethical difficulties of approaching families to partici... Severe maternal morbidity (near miss) as a sentinel event of maternal death. An attempt to use routine data for surveillance - Background:
To identify all the records within the Brazilian Hospital Information System (HIS) that contained information suggestive of severe maternal morbidity (near miss); to describe the diagnoses and procedures used; to identify variables associated with maternal death.
Methods:
A descriptive population study with data from the HIS and Mortality Information System (MIS) files of records of women during pregnancy, delivery and in the postpartum period in all the capital cities of the Brazilian states in 2002. Initially, records of women between 10 and 49 years of age were selected; next, those records with at least one criterion suggestive of near miss were selected. For the linkage of HIS with MIS and HIS with itself, a blocking strategy consisting of three independent steps was established. In the data analysis, near miss ratios were calculated with corresponding 95% confidence interval and the diagnoses and procedures were described; a multiple logistic regression model was adju... Inter- and intra-observer variability in Sonographic measurements of the cross-sectional diameters and area of the umbilical cord and its vessels during pregnancy - Background:
The purpose of the study was to evaluate inter- and intra-observer variability in sonographic measurements of the cross-sectional area of the umbilical cord and the diameters of its vessels in low-risk pregnancies of 12 to 40 weeks of gestation.
Methods:
A prospective cross sectional study was performed in 221 pregnant women at different gestational ages. Measurements were carried out also by a second observer to evaluate inter-observer variability and repeated once again by the first observer to assess intra-observer variability. The linear correlation between the measurements (Spearman's coefficient of correlation) and their reliability through the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), the Cronbach's alpha coefficient and the limits of agreement proposed by Bland and Altman were evaluated.
Results:
The results showed that inter-observer and intra-observer variability did not show any significant difference between examiners. A good linear correlation between the measu... ICPD to MDGs: Missing links and common grounds - The ICPD agenda of reproductive health was declared as the most comprehensive one, which had actually broadened the spectrum of reproductive health and drove the states to embark upon initiatives to improve reproductive health status of their populations. However, like all other countries, Pakistan also seems to have shifted focus of its policies and programs towards achieving MDGs. As a result, concepts highlighted in the ICPD got dropped eventually. In spite of specific goals on maternal and child mortalities in MDGs and all the investment and policy shift, Pakistan has still one of the highest maternal mortality ratios among developing countries. Lack of synchronized efforts, sector wide approaches, inter-sectoral collaboration, and moreover, the unmet need for family planning, unsafe abortions, low literacy rate and dearth of women empowerment are the main reasons. Being a signatory of both of the international agendas (ICPD and MDGs), Pakistan needed to articulate its policies to ... Gynaecological morbidity among HIV positive pregnant women in Cameroon - ObjectiveTo compare the prevalence of gynaecological conditions among HIV infected and non-infected pregnant women.
Methods:
Two thousand and eight (2008) pregnant women were screened for HIV, lower genital tract infections and lower genital tract neoplasia at booking antenatal visit.
Results:
About 10% (198/2008) were HIV positive. All lower genital tract infections except candidiasis were more prevalent among HIV positive compared to HIV negative women: vaginal candidiasis (36.9% vs 35.4%; p = 0.678), Trichomoniasis (21.2% vs 10.6%; p < 0.001), gonorrhoea (10.1% vs 2.5%; p < 0.001), bacterial vaginosis (21.2% vs 15.2%; p = 0.026), syphilis (35.9% vs 10.6%; p < 0.001), and Chlamydia trachomatis (38.4% vs 7.1%; p < 0.001). Similarly, HIV positive women more likely to have preinvasive cervical lesions: low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (SIL) (18.2% vs 4.4%; p < 0.001) and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (12.1% vs 1.5%; p < 0.001).
Conclusion:
We conclude that (i) sexu... Comparison of two doses and two routes of administration of misoprostol after pre-treatment with mifepristone for early pregnancy termination - Background:
It is not known whether a 400 ?g dose of misoprostol has a similar efficacy as an 800 ?g dose when administered sublingually or vaginally 24 hours after 200 mg mifepristone.
Methods:
It is proposed to undertake a placebo-controlled, randomized, non-inferiority trial (3% margin of equivalence) of the two misoprostol doses when administered sublingually or vaginally using factorial design. A total of 3008 pregnant women (< 63 days of gestational age) who request legal termination of pregnancy will be recruited for the trial at 16 clinics in ten countries providing abortion services. Eligible women willing to join the study will be allocated randomly to one of the four treatment groups within each centre. Women in all treatment groups will first receive 200 mg mifepristone, followed 24 hours later by either 400 ?g or 800 ?g misoprostol, administered either sublingually or vaginally. The dose and route of administration of misoprostol will be blinded to women, each woman receiv... Reproductive health issues in rural Western Kenya - Background:
We describe reproductive health issues among pregnant women in a rural area of Kenya with a high coverage of insecticide treated nets (ITNs) and high prevalence of HIV (15%).
Methods:
We conducted a community-based cross-sectional survey among rural pregnant women in western Kenya. A medical, obstetric and reproductive history was obtained. Blood was obtained for a malaria smear and haemoglobin level, and stool was examined for geohelminths. Height and weight were measured.
Results:
Of 673 participants, 87% were multigravidae and 50% were in their third trimester; 41% had started antenatal clinic visits at the time of interview and 69% reported ITN-use. Malaria parasitemia and anaemia (haemoglobin < 11 g/dl) were detected among 36% and 53% of the women, respectively. Geohelminth infections were detected among 76% of the 390 women who gave a stool sample. Twenty percent of women were underweight, and sixteen percent reported symptoms of herpes zoster or oral thrush in the la... A three-arm randomised controlled trial comparing Gonadotrophin Releasing Hormone (GnRH) agonist long regimen versus GnRH agonist short regimen versus GnRH antagonist regimen in women with a history of poor ovarian response undergoing in vitro fertilisation (IVF) treatment: Poor responders intervention trial (PRINT) - Background:
Poor response to ovarian stimulation with exogenous gonadotrophins occurs in 9?24% of women undergoing in vitro fertilisation (IVF) treatment, which represents an estimated 4000?10,000 women per year in the UK. Poor responders often have their treatment cycle cancelled because of expected poor outcome.One treatment strategy that may influence outcome is the choice of pituitary suppression regimen prior to the initiation of ovarian stimulation. The three commonly used pituitary suppression regimens in IVF treatment are:(1) the GnRH agonist long regimen,(2) the GnRH agonist short regimen and(3) the GnRH antagonist regimen.A systematic review of randomised controlled trials of these pituitary suppression regimens has shown the evidence to be either inconclusive or inconsistent. We therefore designed a three arm randomised trial to evaluate the effectiveness of these regimens in women who had poor ovarian response in a previous IVF treatment cycle.Methods/designConsenting, elig... Natural Remedies for Menstrual Cramps -
Are you a female who suffers from menstrual cramps or other menstrual complications? If you are, you may feel as if your world stops each and every month. The good news is that it doesn?t have to. There are a number of natural remedies and other home remedies that you can use to seek relief [ ]... Thanksgiving Craft: Hair Bows - Hair bows have always been an attractive accessory to wear on any occasion. Thanksgiving is no exception. If you love making hair bows, here are a few suggestions for Thanksgiving hair bows which may be helpful in creating a unique and beautiful accessory for you and your daughter to wear on this special day.
Depending upon [ ]... Relieving the Pain of Tendonitis - Individuals who are very active are at risk for tendonitis especially if they perform repetitive tasks. Computer users, athletes, golfers and tennis players are all prime candidates for tendonitis.
Tendonitis occurs when the tendon suffers a small tear or becomes irritated and inflamed. A doctor can diagnose tendonitis through a medical history, and physical exam. Sometimes [ ]... Help, I Need an Energy Boost! - Do you have trouble mustering up the energy to get out of bed in the morning? Or do you function normally until after lunch, then come crashing to a near-halt? Lots of us suffer from low energy at one time or another, and for some it’s an everyday occurrence.
All too often, when we need enough [ ]... Minimizing Psoriasis Flare-ups - Doctors and dermatologists agree that there are things that individuals can do that will help them to prevent or minimize the flare-ups of psoriasis. There are ways to help them live more comfortably with the skin condition and also help initiate better results from their treatments.
The first step for anyone with a disease is to [ ]... Easy Methods for Avoiding Heart Disease - To prevent or avoid heart disease you need to avoid tobacco products, become more active and choose to eat good nutrition. These three things will help you to avoid heart disease. Most people have a difficult time committing to doing these three things because it involves making lifestyle changes.
Smoking is a difficult habit to [ ]... Special Nutritional Needs During Menopause - Women going through the menopause time of their life often experience hot flashes. There are some things that you can do regarding your diet that may bring some relief from hot flashes. The list also includes things to avoid in order lessening your chance of experiencing hot flashes.
Women should try to avoid tea, coffee, alcohol, [ ]... Thanksgiving Does Not Mean You Have to Gain Weight - We all know that Thanksgiving is a great opportunity to relax and spend time with family and friends. Many of us also know it is a great way to pack on the pounds. While Thanksgiving has become associated with stuffing ourselves, there are ways to help curb your eating and give yourself a positive start [ ]... Thanksgiving Craft: Cornucopia Centerpiece - One of the most recognizable symbols of Thanksgiving is a cornucopia, or horn of plenty. It represents a bountiful harvest. It can make a lovely centerpiece on any holiday table. There are many different ways you could make a cornucopia, using different materials, many of which you can find around your home.
By using a wicker [ ]... Tips for Winter Asthma - Asthma can be a dangerous and life-threatening disease. Even if you rarely have asthma attacks, one serious episode can severely harm you, or even be fatal. That?s why it?s important to protect yourself against attacks, particularly in the winter when they are more common.
One reason asthma is such a problem in the winter is [ ]... Great Foods for a Winter Diet - One of the most important ingredients of any diet, particularly a winter diet, is water. With the cold dry air, your body loses more water. Without proper hydration, your cells can?t work as well which leaves your looking and feeling bad. Be sure to get at least eight glasses of water a day to keep [ ]... Should I Take Sleeping Pills? - Getting a good night’s sleep is a crucial factor in our general wellbeing. It keeps us from getting tired during the day, plays an important role in our mental health, and even helps us fight off disease. When we don’t get enough sleep, it can make a noticeable difference in several aspects of our lives.
Insomniacs [ ]... Living With Psoriasis - The individual living with psoriasis soon learns to expect that the disease is anything but predictable. It is also a very irritating disease because it really can ruin your social life, drive you nutty with the intense itching and make you ashamed of your own skin.
The symptoms of this skin disease soon become second [ ]... Thanksgiving Craft: Indian Headdress - The most colorful and creative Thanksgiving craft you and your kids can engage in is making Indian headdresses. Whether you prefer one feather, or the full regalia ? they are beautiful and fun to wear as well.
Let?s take a look at how to make a few of these headdresses. Basically, it?s one stop shopping at [ ]... Medications used for RLS - When your doctor has made the diagnosis of Restless Leg Syndrome, you must now make a decision on how to best treat your symptoms. If medication is required there are a few that are now approved to work with RLS symptoms.
When you legs won?t let you rest, and it begins affecting you both physically [ ]... Tips for Treating and Preventing Acne - No one likes to see acne staring back at him or her from the mirror. Treating acne so it disappears fast and better yet preventing future breakouts is what every teen dreams of doing. Here are some tips for treating and preventing acne that are based on the causes of acne.
Washing your face with a [ ]... Healing Athlete?s Foot Naturally - Our specially formulated Heal AthletesFoot treatment is 100% natural, produced from the highest quality pure natural essential oils extracted from plants.
The formula is organic at the source, free from pesticides, herbicides, or chemical fertilizers.
The effectiveness of our remedy to treat “tinea pedis” - athletes feet - as well as nail fungus is unsurpassed.
What is Athletes [ ]... Heart Disease Basics - Heart diseases are also called cardiac diseases. Individuals of all ages can develop heart diseases. The most common form of heart disease in adults is coronary artery disease, which is the major cause of heart attacks and the most common form of heart disease in children, is congenital heart disease.
Heart disease can affect the heart [ ]... Fun Ways To Get Kids To Eat Vegetables - We all laugh at the commercials that show kids hiding vegetables but the truth is as parents we really do want our kids to eat the veggies and not hide them. Vegetables help prevent diseases, and add fiber to our diet and much needed vitamins. Depending on the age of your child, he/she should eat [ ]... Fun Autumn Activities For Kids - Fall winds blow and leaves make their decent from tree limbs. It is the perfect time for fun autumn activities for kids. Here are some ways to have fun with your kids this fall:
Create an autumn yard collage
This is a great way to get your kids involved in beautifying your front lawn for the fall [ ]... Copyright © 2008, Sat Live On Pc. All Rights Reserved. |